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Termites live and work collectively in nests or colonies. Members of the colony take different forms or castes. These include:
Their wings are equal size and form and double the length of the body. They drop following the colonising flight was created. Shed wings are a fantastic indication of presence.
These are the sexual forms of the colony including future kings and queens of colonies .
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The reproductives reside in a central room in the nest where a lady queen or queen, will put many thousands of eggs each year over her life span of approximately 10 years. Man, or kings, are responsible to fertilising the queens. Multiple reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites develop in the colony by shedding cuticles in the end of every growth stage, gradually changing until they get to the worker, soldier or grownup (winged form). If queens perish, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than employees and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their stronger skin (cuticle) can resist the external environment. After flight, unlike other insects, the wings of termites are lost and piles of shed wings are a hint to termite infestations.
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Officials have , heads that are larger that are darker than the other castes. They're blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers are more demanding than the other castes and take longer to die from many toxins, exposure, or starvation. It is their role to defend the colony, if upset, while the damage is fixed by the workers.
Soldiers exist in different types. Many species have soldiers, with well-developed jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
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Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and are only rarely found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout from which they eject a tacky solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Soldiers have a huge head, which can be wedged in tunnels to block attackers. Are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The employees account for the largest number of termites within the view colony, and are therefore responsible for the most damage.
They gather food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and repair damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are believed to operate 24 hours per day throughout their life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They are blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
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Termites hatch from eggs which have been tended by their nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they're old enough, the young work within the colony in which occupations change with age and adulthood.
Once a single colony becomes sufficiently large it produces winged reproductives that wait in specially constructed chambers until prepared to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
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They leave the nest for a swarm under conditions of high humidity, still atmosphere, and at times low light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly around 1km, although breezes and updrafts can take them a lot further.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and emits a calling scent. Males quickly respond.
They dig in and within the next few weeks, partner and look after their young until enough workers develop to take over the care functions.
New colonies are established via budding. This is believed to occur when the extremities of the colony lose contact and become independent.
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The main king and queen are thought to exude hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the remainder of the colony. This control breaks down whether the territory is big or contact groups is lost.
Termites work collectively in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as mammals, which are fed by termites. They then develop into castes or four forms of termite:
Soldiers have large, black heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are tougher than other castes and may take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
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Workers are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Workers are the greatest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for most harm.
Reproductives that are darker in colour have functional eyes and robust skin. This caste becomes the leaders of colonies.
The temperature, food quality, and action of this colony will determine how long it takes to get a termite.